Check a Primer Pair Before You Order It
M13 forward (−20) with the 24-base reverse primer is 5.7 °C apart; swapping to the 17-base reverse brings the pair within 2.4 °C. GC content, 3′ ends and annealing temperature.
Read guideFrom the teaching lab
Genetics guides
Solving a dihybrid cross and testing it with chi-square, estimating carrier frequency and couple risk with Hardy-Weinberg, and checking a PCR primer pair before you order it.
Estimate Carrier Frequency and Couple Risk With Hardy-Weinberg
From an incidence of 1 in 2,500 to 1 carrier in 26 people, a 1 in 650 chance that both partners carry, and a test of genotype counts that clearly fails equilibrium.
Read guideSolve a Dihybrid Cross and Test It With Chi-Square
BbRr × Bbrr guinea pigs: gametes, a 4 × 4 square, the 3:3:1:1 prediction, and a chi-square test of 64, 58, 22 and 16 offspring that gives p = 0.72.
Read guide